
BIOCOMBUSTIBLES:
In the middle of the controversy by the global heating and the increasing demand of energy, the option to produce "friendly" fuels for the means atmosphere is made tempting more and more at world-wide level. And the vegetal species (that comprise of the biomass) acquire protagonism more and more.
- Biocombustible is the term with which it is denominated to any type of fuel that derives from the biomass (recently alive organisms or their metabolic remainders).
- In the city of Graz, Austria, the exhaust pipes of the buses smell of chips. The 135 units of public transport that work there use like combustible used eatable oil. It is more, the Austrian establishments of Mc Donald´s send 90% of the used oil to Hamburg, Germany, where a million liters of fuel are elaborated.
- For 2010, all the European public transport will have to use a 5.75% of bio-fuel to be able to circulate. In other words, or the world begins to eat more fried to recycle the oil or, which is more feasible, it is begun to multiply the vegetal oil production to accompany a world-wide tendency: the one of the progressive replacement of fossil fuels (polluting and dependent of the prices of petroleum) by others of vegetal origin, like biodiesel (renewable and ecological, in other friendlier words with the means atmosphere).
- What is biodiesel? It is the result of a chemical reaction (transesterificación) that happens when to a vegetal oil (of jatropha, soybean, sunflower, colza, palm, peanut, among others) a catalyst (hidróxido of sodium or insipid caústica) and a light alcohol are added to him (metanol). The end item is the methylic Ester (or biodiesel), whose use does not require more than the homologation on the part of the manufacturers of automobiles (with possibly single a change of sleeves in the motors it is sufficient).
- There the great opportunity resides, that anticipates a "new productive boom" if the Spanish Field is reconciled in this technological wave: "If we combined the strongest industries of our country, agrarian and/or the agro-industrial one with the petrochemical one, the productive jump that we could give would be of such magnitude that the present levels of investment would see duplicates or triplicates".
- Spain is not free of the use of biodiesel. The 19 of this month it was sanctioned the law that establishes an obligatory cut of the diesel oil of until a 20% of biocombustibles from 1° of January of 2010.
- "Despite, the dynamics of the sector she will be tie to the production because the internal demand already exists to supply the internal market. In effect, according to the program of the UE, in 2005, 2% of the fuel used by the public transport had to be biodiesel: "it was not arrived nor at 1% with his production. And in four years they are going to need 15 million tons biodiesel. So that another way does not have left that to concern it or to produce it ".
- "We are analyzing the project facing the markets internal and external. The field has the raw material and we it technology and the knowledge of the elaboration. An alternative that we evaluated is to integrate to us with together the field to cross the way, doing to us of the seeds and transforming them into biocombustible "
- Spain has the possibility of adding value to them to its vegetal oils and of transforming them into biodiesel. Only in Europe it has a market US$ 300 million without counting his internal market.
OIL like FUEL:
The vegetal oil use, like those of colza, palm, soybean, sunflower, jatropha, peanut and trims off lower branches of, as combustible alternative data from principles of the century last, and almost a century for experiences with diesel engines, being the potential use of these plants field of great attention of the investigators during long time.
Like result of these studies, it is considered that: the monkey-saturated oleic acid content, the low fatty acid level saturated and the acceptable ideal linoleicos acid level in the oil of jatropha, are preferred vegetal oil source for the manufacture of biocombustible in Europe.
Also other power plants very used are the oil of colza, palm, sunflower and soybean, that are economic and represent the greater fuel sources in other parts of the world.
In any case still many other studies in their application are due to do.
The most important advantages of the natural vegetal oil:
- Great calorific value: great power density.
- Form liquid and, for that reason, easy to use.
- When burning itself it emits less soot.
- When burning itself it has a greater power efficiency.
- He is not toxic nor harmful for humans, animals, grounds or water.
- He is not inflammable nor explosive and it does not emit toxic gases.
- It is easy to store, to transport and to use.
- Noncause damages if accidentally it is spilled.
- Its handling does not require to take special precautions.
- It is produced of direct form by the nature, does not have to be transformed.
- It is a recycleable form of energy.
- It does not have adverse ecological effects when it is used.
- It does not contain sulfide, does not generate rain acid when it is used.
- When burning itself he is neutral in CO2: it does not contribute to the effect conservatory.
- He is renewable.
Knowing the necessities of the Spanish Agriculturist, and the incidence in the production costs, that must support the cost in diesel oil, we offer the last fuel technology to him.
OIL like FUEL for the motor, after a simple installation of a day, its diesel engine works with vegetal, diesel oil common or biodiesel.
"The vegetal oil is solar energy biochemically kept from greater density. The nature has given to each seed a portion of vegetal oil: a brilliant impulse, to give to the plant the opportunity to form branches and roots under the diverse environmental conditions and completely independent of the nutrients and the light. In comparison to biological solids (wood, straw) and biogas, the vegetal oil represents the densest form of originating energy of the photosynthesis. With a power content of approximately 9.2 kWh by liter, exactly is between the gasoline (8.6 kWh/l) and the diesel engine (9.8 kWh/l). At the same time and on the other hand of the gasoline and the diesel engine, the vegetal oil is renewable, neutral as soon as free CO2 and of heavy sulfide, metals and radioactivity "
Extracted part of the Combustible document "of the future" of the Federal Association of Vegetal Oil And V. Herrn Prof. Dr Schrimpff.
. We are the suppliers of the fuel.
. The liter of Fuel is cheaper than the diesel engine.
. It avoids complications like which it implies the manipulation of Etanol or Metanol, the agriculturist can solve his necessity of fuel, or in its van, tractor, cosechadora, even in his generator
electrical
or heating.
. Desire more autonomy, reduces substantially its fuel costs, and is far better for its motor (renewable and ecological, diminishing considerably the emissions).
Comparison of pure the vegetal oil and biodiesel
like fuels |
|
CAV |
biodiesel |
Production |
principle |
decentralized, small presses |
great and centralized industrial units |
Means atmosphere |
biodegradación |
very fast |
slow |
danger of contamination of the water |
no |
small |
toxicity for the humans |
little or none |
toxic |
Society |
strategy |
small, decentralized |
great, centralized |
logistic |
simple |
complex |
transport |
short distances |
long distances |
economic income for the region |
abundant |
little |
-- Of "Comparison of Pure the Vegetal Oil and the Biodiesel Like Fuels" of the Professor And Schrimpff, Fachhochschule Weihenstephan, University of Applied Sciences, "the greater university green of sciences applied in Germany".
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